A Sociological Look at the Feminist Movement & the Civil Rights Movement Essay Example for Free

A Sociological Look at the womens rightist Movement the polite Rights Movement EssayFor centuries, expectant groups of individuals have come to crossher to oppose prevailing ideas, challenge conformity and promote peachy change in beliefs, brass policy and boilersuit social put right. Whether it is an instinctual comp acent of human existence or a way of survival as learned from previous generations, social reform is an integral part of Western cultures growth and development into modern society. When discussing this topic, two very large movements come to mind. The gracious Rights Movement of the fifties and mid-sixties and the womens liberationist Movement of the 1960s and 1970s serve as two heartful and consequential social reform movements. When examined from the sociological perspectives of symbolic interactionism, usable analysis and strife theory, one can stand to gain a varied ability to conceptualize social phenomenon such as the courtly Rights and womens liberationist Movements. This writing testament serve to review these movements from the three sociological perspectives including the influential impact that society and people have had on one another.Through the introductory sociological perspective of Symbolic Interactionism, the Civil Rights and feminist Movements can be interpreted in terms of the symbols for which both represent. Symbolic interactionism examines the symbols that people attach meaning to as well as the impact that their subjective meaning has on the way in which they act (Henslin). Prior to the Civil Rights movement, in that respect were many disparaging words associated with minorities, specifically those of the bare race. These words were negative in their connotation and conveyed a sense of inferiority associated with unintelligence and animalistic characteristics. Due to the negative perception of the black race, day to day living had many other symbolic representations of the di pile between whites a nd blacks beyond just the words used to describe the segregation.Jim Crow laws, for example, ensured that unrestricted facilities maintained the segregation of blacks as it was believed for them to be inferior to the white race including public restrooms, water fountains, parks, theaters, railways, schools and hospitals. The quality of the segregated facilities was, of course, inferior. (Pillai) The many symbols associated with minorities were viewed in a positivistic light by those superior because they helped to maintain the stability of their beliefs, the conformity and social order for which they sought. As the Civil Rights Movement went underway, the negative symbols associated with minority groups were challenged.As great strides were made to grant luciferity, the symbolic representation of blacks as inferior to whites slowly shifted thus causing a reform. Symbols that once ensured the segregation of minorities were no longer such. The controlling Courts ruling of segregat ion in schools as unconstitutional granted for equal education and freedom rides helped to desegregate interstate travel (Pillai). oeuvre discrimination and segregation of public facilities were eventually outlawed (Civil Rights Movement). Although many symbolic representations of how minorities were once subjectively viewed still resonate with many today, the Civil Rights Movement can be said to have challenged and restructured the symbolic representations of minorities thus impacting how we as human worlds interact with one another.Prior to the Feminist Movement, many symbols correspond the subjective opinions of women and therefore dictated how women were viewed and treated. Women have a good deal been described as the weaker sex, passive, emotional, un-intellectual and dependent (Evans). They were expected to dress a certain way including little to no make-up, no pants and of course, nothing deemed overtly sexy. Women in the workforce were given positions of the clerical nat ure and often in factory assembly lines. They were viewed as soft and were expected at all times to be respectful, polite, refined and pleasant, never to engage in rowdy behavior or use profanity. (Freeman) Symbolically, women were expected to get married, raise children, cook, clean and maintain an orderly household. Again, the symbols associated with women were believed to be positive by those superior because they maintained the stability of their beliefs.Eventually, many women began to challenge the symbols associated with them including their traditional roles and they began re-thinking the meaning of adult female which eventually led to the Feminist Movement which similar to the Civil Rights Movement, resulted in reform. New symbols associated with women began to emerge and offered a new subjective view reflecting equality and authorisation for greatness. Some of these symbols include more gender neutral clothing, the right to sexual expressiveness, diminished emphasis on t he double standard and the right to hold jobs of equal turn over (Evans). Although some sense of the belief of women as inferior to men still holds true today and can be seen in such concepts as the glass ceiling effect, the Feminist Movement played an essential role in reforming the symbols and subjective meanings that are representative of women.When examining these two movements from the Functional Analysis perspective, one will see how many different facets to our society come unneurotic to comprise the overall structure, similar to how many different puzzle pieces come together to form the whole take to. Functional analysis looks at how the many different aspects of society are interdependent and together contribute to how society functions at large (Henslin). Examining from a smaller level, it becomes apparent that there were many facets to maintaining the segregation and oppression of minorities and women. Segregated schools systems were inferior in quality in terms of the education being provided to minorities thus resulting in the diminished growth of educational and mental development of black children.The jobs then made available to black men were often that of manual labor requiring limited intelligence. (Pillai) Women often times were educated in order to be groomed for positions such as clerical work and home economics thus unable to really attain higher education (Evans). This unbroken them working at lower rates and often times they were not up to the educational capacity required to hold higher positions. Religious oppression as well kept women in a role of inferiority often denying them roles in churches and synagogues which men believed were supported by biblical versus such as 1 Corinthians 14 34-45 which stated that women should be kept quiet in the church (Sink).Minorities and women followed suit for so long and did not challenge the status quo out of fear of repercussions. So, for quite some time, these many facets, all interrelat ed, served to keep the overall picture together and functioning quite well which was a good thing for those viewed as superior. Taken as a whole, if the belief were that minorities and women were inferior and should be kept that way, the many facets of our society such as school, the workplace and religion served to keep that overall vision intact for so long and it worked well to serve that overall belief. It was not until social reform brought about by the Civil Rights and Feminist Movements that those aspects of our society were forced to change in order to support the new vision that minorities, women and proponents of equal rights sought to create.The third perspective of sociology, known as Conflict Theory, is one that promotes social change. Conflict Theory suggests that anywhere inequality potentially exists, there will be competition for scarce resources, contributory to the ever-changing nature of society (Henslin). Interest in Conflict Theory appeared to arise during the 1960s possibly due to this being a time of turbulent change. The Civil Rights and Feminist Movements were alive during this time. The social order that the elite were attempting to force upon minorities and women were being considerably challenged and this evoked fear in those wanting to maintain control.During the Civil Rights Movements, as blacks sought to gain racial equality, desegregation and the right to vote, the elite began to fear the loss of self-command of economic, political and social systems and as well feared non-whites gaining control over whites (The Civil Rights Movement). During the Feminist Movement, as women sought to gain empowerment, higher education, equal pay and a voice in government, the elite began to fear the loss of job security and better pay as well as concern for who will maintain the household and care for children (Evans). Control over such scarce resources is the driving force in establishing and maintaining social order and just as conflict the ory suggests, when inequality exists such as that experienced by minorities and women, there is bound to be conflict which is not only evident in the Civil Rights and Feminists Movements, however on-going and still evident in our society today.When examined from the three sociological perspectives of symbolic interactionism, functional analysis and conflict theory, the contributory factors and ultimate results of the Civil Rights and Feminist Movements can be identified and conceptualized. These two significantly impactful movements lend themselves to having an improved understanding of the many facets that have helped maintain certain aspects of how our society functions and also the many challenges and changes that our society have undergone.The growth and development of Western culture has been largely influenced by social reform including the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s and the Feminist Movement of the 1960s and 1970s. It seems safe to speculate that large group s of individuals will continue to come together to challenge prevailing ideas, defy conformity and advocate for great changes in beliefs, government policy and overall social reform.Works CitedCivil Rights Movement. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. n.d. 8 Dec. 2012. Evans, Sara. Womens Liberation Movement. Research. Our Voice Our Country. 2009. Our Voice Our Country, Inc. 8 Dec. 2012 Freeman, Joy. From Suffrage to Womens Liberation Feminism in Twentieth Century America. Women A Feminists Perspective. n.p. 1995. 8 Dec. 2012. Henslin, James. Essentials of Sociology A Down to Earth Approach. 9th ed. Boston Pearson, 2011.Pillai, Prabhakar. 1960s Civil Rights Movement in America. Buzzle. Buzzle. 2011. 8 Dec. 2012. Sink, Nancy. Womens Liberation Movement. 1960s 1980s Womens Liberation Movement. Evans and Sink. 2008. Nova Online. 8 Dec. 2012

Lord of the Flies Analysis Essay Example for Free

Lord of the Flies Analysis EssayGoldings novel and its exploration of temptation on a deserted island can be examined within a broader understanding of mankind and social order. Patrick Reilly from the University of Iowa Press states, Lord of the Flies depicts the disintegration of a rescript whose members play rather than work. (Reilly 138-61) The inclination to give in to temptation is represent in biblical passages as far back as Adam and Eve. When they be told not to eat an apple from the tree of knowledge, they do so anyway because temptation drives them. Temptation can in addition be witnessed in the modern world. however within a structured society that upholds rules and boundaries, the urge to act on impulse is inevitable. For example, people that cheat on their husbands or wives may be tempted by jealousy, revenge, and excitement. They can resist, but the drive to cheat is too strong for some. Even minor infractions such as speeding to get to work on era stem from temptation. Overall, temptation and its consequences play a huge role in societal behavior, and there is no way to evade it. He began to dance and his laugh became a bloodthirsty snarling. (Golding 64)This powerful quote describes Jack immediately before he brutally murders a nursing sow. Bloodlust, defined as a intrust for bloodshed, and temptation, the craving to have or do something that should be avoided alters Jacks mind. The boars that the boys hunt and assassinate in Goldings novel Lord of The Flies face how temptation can lead one into barbarity and bloodlust. As early as chapter one, temptation arises because of the basic need to eat and survive. The group is reluctant to fine-tune a pig, let alone draw blood from a living thing.Their sense of morals is strong, and Jack is unable to kill the first pig they encounter. Golding states, He raised his arm in the air. There came a pausethe blade continued to flash at the end of a bony arm. The pause was nevertheless long enough for them to understand what an enormity the downward stroke would be. The piglet tore loose from the creepers and scurried into the undergrowth. (31) This shows that Jack was uncertain whether or not to kill the pig and missed his see. When questioned about his hesitancy, Jack defends himself by stating I was going toI was choosing a place.Next time (Golding 31) However the boys recognize the truth. Jack doesnt kill the pig because he cannot bear to see a living creature bleed and die. As time on the island passes, temptation to hunt and kill grows. out front the pig hunt in chapter 4, the boys decide to paint their faces with island shrubbery to conceal themselves. As shown in this quote, they feel liberated from shame and self-consciousness (Golding 64) The group is still tense at the thought of bloodshed and must hide behind their masks to finally kill a pig. The mask compelled them (Golding 64) After this pig hunt, a change from purification to primitivism, from goo d to flagitious begins to take place.Golding states, There were lashings of blood, said Jack laughing and shuddering, you should have seen it Well go hunting everyday (69-70) Each concomitant pig hunt gets increasingly violent and savage. Even Ralph, who has resisted what he believes to be immoral, now eagerly participates. Golding writes, Ralph talked on excitedly. I hit him all right. The spear stuck in. I wounded him He sunned himself in their new respect and felt that hunting was good after all. (Golding 113) After hitting the boar on the snout with the spear, he is overwhelmed with exhilaration and takes pride in himself by gloating.Ralphs conscience is deteriorating as his primal urges begin to surface. The ensuing hunts are no longer about excerption and basic human needs. Instead, violence, savagery, and bloodlust are the motivators. Golding writes, The sow staggered her way ahead of them, bleeding and mad, and the hunters followed, wedded to her in lust, excited by the long chase and the dropped blood. (135) As savagery escalates, the boys behavior becomes increasingly demented and uncalled for.For example, one of the killed pigs is offered to the beast. Jack decapitates the pigs head and places it on a spear as depicted in the following quote This head is for the beast. Its a gift. (Golding 137) The head soon rots and becomes covered with flies and insects. It becomes the Lord of the Flies, a symbol of evil and temptation. It also depicts the deterioration of the group. As the head rots and becomes corrupt, so do the boys. Caught up in this violent escapade, the boys forget to watch the fire and miss a crucial chance of rescue. In Chapter 9 the boys are in a complete frenzy during a monstrous storm.They are delusional and murder Simon in blind rage, accept he is the beast. As shown in The Lord of the Flies, temptation for power, for control, and to do evil leads to destruction, savagery, and grief. Skylar Burris informs us that Golding deliver ed a lecture on his personal explanation for the collapse of a civilization. She reports that Golding believes the breakdown is due to the inherent evil present within all human beings (Burris 1). Goldings view of mans basic instinct toward evil and the vicious nature of temptation is a powerful theme.

Distribution Channel Design

Distribution Channel DesignDistribution Channel DesignChannel jut facilitates the f crushed of goods from the manufacturer to the end-user. Hutt and Speh (2007) defined that, the link between the manufacturer and the guest is the distribution melodic phrase. The purpose of the distribution track is to distribute the product from manufacturer to the end user to the right time to the right place (Klein and Frazier1990). The channel of distribution is the marketing managers bridge to the market. Channel design readys a competitive advantage that separates market winners from market losers. Stern Weitz (1997) , says the efficient distribution channel design and administration privy offer opportuni attracters to develop sustainable competitive advantage in the long term. The channel should achieve all tasks which are necessary to take up a sale and deliver products to the end user.The Tyre Company who is trying to enter into US market is a manufacturer of preventative systems for vehicle tyres whose products abandon the vehicle to continue to be driven even if the tires burst or are shot out. The main customers for the systems are police forces, security companies, emergency operate deal ambulance and fire service, armies, trucking companies (Original Equipment Manufacturers OEMs), and even the general public. The organization can non serve all types of customers through a single distribution channel, so depending on the coat of the market, value and the level of usage, the market for safety systems can be divided into three fragments. Government Organizations (Ambulance, fire services, armies), Private area (Original equipment manufacturers like Trucking companies vehicle manufactures), normal publicFor the safety systems manufacturer there are many options to design a distribution channel.In the above figure, channel 1 comes low direct distribution channel where the organizations directly deal with the customers. This distribution channel do es not have any intermediaries like distributors, wholesalers, retailers and so on Hutt and Speh (2007) says in, direct distribution channel the manufacturers own gross revenue force deals directly with the customer segments, and the manufacturer has the murder responsibility for performing all the required channel tasks. Channel 2, channel 3 and channel 4 come under indirect distribution channels. Indirect channel distribution uses one or more intermediaries like distributors, retailers, sales repre moveatives etc.Channel distribution for Government sectors customersThe safety systems manufacturer is incoming into the U.S market for the first time, so the organization cannot contact the governing organizations for selling their products. As the judicature uses the safety systems for emergency services, they cannot rely on the manufacturers words. So, the manufacturer should approach distributors and collaborate with them for doing business. These distributors can approach the government organizations and explain the products features and advantages. So, the best way to serve government sector customers is to design an indirect distribution channel which consists of distributors as Intermediaries. Corey et al. (1989) says indirect channel distribution is generally found where the markets are fragmented and widely dispersed, low act amount prevails and buyers typi disco real purchase a number of items in one transaction. The government sector segment is widely dispersed and the buyers in the segment purchase a number of items in one transaction, indirect approach is recommended for dealing with this segment. The below figure shows the distribution channel design for government sector customersIn private sector, the customers (original equipment manufacturers) for safety tyres are few. So, the company can directly approach the original equipment manufacturers that use the safety systems and can directly fix up with the vehicle manufacturers or OEMs. This increases the sales of the safety systems manufacturer. Hutt and Speh (2007), says the direct sales approach is feasible when the customers are large and well defined, the customers insist on direct sales, sales involve extensive negotiations with upper management. Here in this report the manufacturer has to negotiate extensively with the upper management of the OEMs to make them agree to fit the safety systems as the original equipment. Therefore direct distribution channel design is suitable for private sector customers.Distribution channel for general publicGeneral public customers will maximum order 1-4 units per orders and its not so easy for the manufacturer to deal with every individual customer separately. So, the manufacturer should make tie ups with dealers or wholesalers. These dealers or wholesalers create awareness about the product and encourage the general public to buy the safety systems. These distributors or wholesalers intern make tie up with the vehicle repairin g sheds and retailers. These vehicle repairing sheds play a vital role in increasing the sales of the safety systems.Therefore indirect channel is recommended for dealing with general public customers. The below figure indicates the distribution channel for dealing with general public.COMMUNICATION PROCESSKennaugh (2009), says the primary objective of marketing communications is to create awareness of a business, its products, and its position through customer-facing materials such as brochures, press releases, Web sites, and trade show presentations. Communication helps to spread awareness about products or services that are of some use to consumer and potential buyers. A good marketing communications plan requires an in-depth understanding of target audiences and the processes involved in buying, selling, and communicating. As the safety systems manufacturer has customers in different sectors, it should use different modes of communication for taking the product to the customers.H utt and Speh (2007), says due to the technical complexity of the business products, the relatively small(a) number of potential buyers, and the extensive negotiation process, the primary communication vehicle in melodic phrase to Business marketing is the sales person. As the Companys product in this report is a technical product, the primary communication for this company should through personal selling. Personal selling is the most effective tool for building buyers preferences, convictions, and actions. unconnected from personal selling the company can also communicate through sales promotion, advertising, public relations, Bouchers, E-Marketing, workshops, Direct Marketing etc.Advertising is also a most powerful tool of communication. Most of people believe the Media and attract to the media advertising. But media covers mostly general customers and some business customers. So, this can be utilise only as one of the communication tools for taking the safety systems into mark et. Aaker (1992), says Brochures are useful for the communication and this is the very cheapest way for communicating to the customers.Communication helps to keep the consumers certain about the new models of products or services that are available in the organisation. To communicate effectively, marketers need to need to understand how communication works .Communication involves the eight elements which are shown in the below figure.1) Sender The party sending the message to another party -in this case it is the Tyres Company.2) Encoding The process of putting the intended message into symbolic form that will differentiate us from other companies into an advertisement that will convey the intended message (Kotler et al 2008).3) Message This set of words, pictures or symbols that the vector transmits in the advertisements.4) Decoding The process by which the telephone receiver assigns meaning to the symbols encoding by the sender -a consumer reads the ad and interprets the words and illustrations it contains.5) Receiver The party receiving the message sent by the company the customer or the company that reads the tyres advertising.6) Response The reactions of the receiver after being exposed to the message -any of thousands of possible responses, such as the customer is more aware of the attributes of our tyres products.7) Feedback The part of the receivers response communicated back to the sender -tyres Company research shows that consumer like and remember the ad or consumers write or call the company praising or criticising the ad or its products.8) Noise The unplanned static or distortion during the communication process which result in the receiver getting a different message from the company.This is diagram shows that how message would pass to customers and how they would have respond by taking response and feed back like questionnaire, by filling feedback form, interviews and so forth.Scope for ConflictCannel combat occurs when members of two chann els fight for same goal. Organisational growth is badly affected by infringes. mainly organisation doing business depends upon their Agents, Wholesalers, and Retailers. As long as the organization maintains a good relation with all its channel members the organisation gets good results, if the organisation does not maintain a healthy relations to all its channel members then the organisation sales growth decreases, and conflicts occur (Kogut, 1988).For instance, a premier distributor may be expected to share market abbreviation data, have an outside force and create account plans maintain specific inventory, and provide a complete service and repair function- in exchange for preferred determine and product availability. An authorized distributor may be expected to share market analysis data, have a telemarketing operation, and maintain specific inventory. An affiliate distributor may have access to the manufacturers products without being given any special pricing or compensati on. When there are too many distributors in a given area, or when one distributor cherry-picks accounts in another distributors territory, there can be expenditure competition and conflict (Erramilli, 1991).Pricing related conflicts are most common in channel conflicts. It is very essential that the manufacturer creates the swinish for a pricing structure where each member is able to make a profit from the value they bring to the marketing channel process. Each members price moldiness reflect his or her role within the channel (Aaker, 1992). For example, if a retailer is able to purchase directly from the manufacturer at a salute that is equal or less than the cost that their distributor gives them, then the distributor losses his business from the retailer. This is one of the reasons for channel conflict.The other reason for channel conflict is, if the organisation supply tyres to the end customer with help of the wholesaler/distributor and retailers in particular area, and also maintaining good relations with wholesalers and retailers as well. But, that area is very small or there is no need of retailers in that area. Then organisation distributes the tyres directly from wholesaler/distributor to end-user. In this regards retailers lose their business. So conflict may occur in between retailers and organisation or in between retailer to distributor. Based on this conflict Retailer may merges with the opponent which in turn effects the organization.Other sources of channel conflict may result from goal incompatibility, poorly defined roles and rights, perceptual differences, and interdependent relationships. All of these factors must be taken into consideration, addressed when necessary, and managed whenever possible (Nygaard, 1994).relationship Marketing kinship marketing is a term introduced by Berry (1983) that puts forward that marketers should move out-of-door from transactional marketing and build longer term relationships with their customers, foc using on building trust between buyer and seller so that loyalty develops. Morgan and Hunt, (1994), say kind marketing refers to all marketing activities directed toward establishing, developing and maintaining no-hit relational exchanges. The idea of relationship marketing was developed by Gronroos (1994) whose opinion was that relationship marketing was all about identifying, establishing maintaining, enhancing and, occasionally, terminating relationships with customers. The objective of such relationships, he suggested, is to give mutual benefit through the exchange and fulfilment of promises as well as communication.Relationship Marketing involves organisations gathering information about their customers and then deciding with whom they can develop a dialogue it allows buyers and sellers to work together in joint puzzle solving, easing the pressures on the buyer. Rather than employing market share as a measure of marketing success, this approach uses customer remembering (Gu mmesson, 1994). The effectiveness of Business to Business marketing is largely determined by long-term relationships between buyers and sellers (Dion et al., 1995). According to Webster (1992), buyer-seller or customer-supplier interdependence is an integral part of business to business marketing. Over the last(prenominal) 10 or so years, there has been clear evidence to suggest that, in business to business marketing, the nature of buyer-seller interactions has changed from adversarial to relationship building, and, consequently, emphasis has moved by from discrete transactions and towards relational exchanges (Weitz and Jap, 1995). Pressures to meet the demands of global competition, reliance on single-source suppliers, the development and adoption of just-in-time systems, outsourcing and development of partnerships have been cited as some of the main drive forces behind such developments (Metcalf et al, 1992).Over the last 20 years, relationship marketing has been espoused by many in the services and industrial arenas, where it is, perhaps, easier to developer longer term relationships. The acquisition, retention and nurturing of customer relationships is fundamental to an organisation engaging in relationship marketing. Nurturing the customer is a step along the path to invoking loyalty on the part of the customer. committal is one of the objectives of relationship marketing because a loyal customer may be of strategic advantage our Company.In this case, as the manufacturer newly entering into the US market, he has to build the relationship with the channel partners. By building relationship, he can understand the market well. By building relationship all the channel members can work for the common goal and they can solve any problem effectively.ReferencesAaker, D.A., (1992), The value of brand equity, Journal of Business Strategy, Vol.13, pp.27-32.Berry, L.L. (1983), Relationship marketing, in Berry, L.L., Shostack, G.L. and Upah, G.D. (Eds),Emerging Perspectives on processs Marketing, American Marketing Association, Chicago,IL.Corey, E.R., Cespedes, F.V., and Rangan, V.K., (1989). Going to Market Distribution System for Industrial Products, Harvard University Press, Boston.Dion, P., Easterling, D., and Miller, S.J., (1995). What is really necessary in successful buyer/seller relationships, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol.24.Erramilli, M.K. (1991), The experience in foreign market entry behavior of service firms, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 21 No.Fall, pp.479-501.Gronroos, C., (1994), Quo Vadis marketing? Towards a relationship marketing paradigm, Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 10 No. 5.Gummesson, E., (1994). Making relationship marketing operational, International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 5 No.5.Hutt, M.D., and Speh, T.W., (2007). Business Marketing Management B2B, Thomson, USA.Kogut, B. (1988), Joint ventures theoretical and empirical perspectives, Strategic Management Journ al, Vol. 9 No.4, pp.319-32.Koltler.P, Armstrong.G, Wong.V and Saunder.J., (2008), 5TH Edition, Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall.Klein, S., and Frazier, G.L., (1990), A transaction cost analysis model of channel integration in international markets, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 27 No.2.Metcalf, L.E., Frear, C.R., Krishnan, R., (1992). Buyer seller relationships an application of the IMP model, European Journal of Marketing, Vol.26, No.2.Morgan, R.M., Hunt, S.D., (1994). The commitment trust theory of relationship marketing, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58 No.3.Nygaard, A. (1994), The falsification perspective on theories in channel research, Journal of Marketing Channels, Vol. 3 No.4.Stern, L. W. Weitz, B. A. 1997. The Revolution in distribution Challenges and Opportunities. Long Range Planning . V. 30. pp. 823 829.Webster, F.E., (1992). Industrial marketing strategy. 3rd ed., Wiley, New York.Weitz, B.A., and Jap, S.D., (1995). Relationship marketing and distribution c hannels, Journal of the academy of Marketing Science, Vol.23, No.4.

News From Nowhere Analysis of William Morris

intelligence activity From Nowhere Analysis of William MorrisIntroductionIn this essay I will analyse how William Morriss News from Nowhere and the nineteenth century ecological ideology will shape the vision of the world around hu homophileity. How Morris cherished to design a world that was to him becoming gloomy and joyless, a world that is being separated by industrialist and capitalist dodges who have turned everything of value into hit making, although he believes both industrialism and capitalism go extend to in hand. My focus will be on how these ideologies argon organised in utopian fanciful narrationUtopia meaning an imaginary society, place or state considered to be perfect and ideal and could not exist anywhere. But on the otherwise hand that leaves a question elicit it, society be improved? News from Nowhere exists with visions of the future and also seeks to defend and uphold the revolutionary function of such expectation and hope. It strikes out as a book tha t is a little different from today.William Morris was a man of many talents, an artist, poet, carpenter, manufacturer, activist, and a favorableist during the late nineteenth century. Later in his life he became a graphic designer.He was born March of 1834 in Walthamstow, England into a wealthy family. He went to school at an early age, studied at Oxford and became interested in art and architecture. At a later part of his life he became interested in governance and textile designsMain bodyThe book tells about beautiful scenery and good weather air just sharp enough to be overbold (News from Nowhere, chapter 1) is an indication of climate changes which for decades now have been a challenge veneer the planet today. The problem that comes from climate change has caused many unfriendly problems that the world is facing that have resulting into different problems such as deaths, diseases, and dryness from deserts, piss shortages, etc. It is up to the leaders of the world to make nec essary changes so as to save the future of the planet.William Morris had an idea of a perfect world and hopeful of what the future might bring, and one of the impressive characters of the ideal world is the part withdom of every man and woman to be in control of his/her own destiny. A world that is free from oppression and full of opportunities. Morris more than than most people, had set up himself with a good start in life as far as c arer wise.By his adulthood he had already accomplished some large success, created his firm, developed and exploited his talents to the full, basically he had made himself wealthy and this brought more success to his later careers as an independent actor on the political and social scene as he wished.After he left school he never exposed himself to where someone could be telling him what to do or taking orders from people except on certain occasions he had encounter with the law. He was not a selfish person, as he was a privileged man he wanted th e same for every person. A society without statue or privilege is what Morris wanted (Harvey and Press, 1996)Morris claims that the society is full of evil and that capitalism has destroyed what is left of the society but with communism it can be revived (Geoghegan, 2008) Morris saw in medieval craft labour an anticipation of what free labour in communism will be like. During the medieval periods craftspeople did not experience the type of degradation that labours have been subjected to under capitalism that is between ingenious and manual(a) and intellectual labour, between great art and manufacture, and also between pleasure and work. Morris believes that it is possible for man to rejoice in his work, and not only the labours that can make one rejoice, the products represent the height of human achievement to date. He rejected mass production, but rather encouraged those to develop their own manual skills such as were necessary to, and enjoyable in the domestic environment.In 18 76 Morris wrote a letter to the Daily News protesting against Conservative political sympathiess constitution in the Balkans who offered the Turks military support the Russian expansionism in order to protect their interests in the Near East. Morriss letter gave voice to the feelings and reaction of the peoples demonstration against this move especially a significant section of British opinion, particularly the liberals who resented their government being in war against Turks killing and massacre of Bulgarians.Morriss letter within a couple of weeks had brought him popularity, after a short while he was elected Treasurer of the Eastern Question Association. This association was organize to campaign and protest against anticipation for war (Morris, 2004)Violence in the streets across the globe today are not new, they can be associated with Morriss judgement about revolution. As we witness today that democracy is sweeping across some parts of the world like the Arab countries. Its citizens are now demonstrating for changes in their government and demanding accountability and transparency. An example is couple of years back the changes of regimes among North African countries, Egypt, Algeria, and Libya are evident of changes that came about through revolution.In 1885 Morris wrote to Georgiana Burne-Jones that the early struggles of socialism are merely the petty skirmish of outposts, the fight of a corporals guard he tells the James Frederick that now he has joined the socialists, he has render a soldier of the cause. At the same time, he affirms the possibility that actual violence may be necessary for political change (Hanson, 2013, p.165)News from Nowhere makes us to understand that Morris motivated a happier society through the satisfactions of creative work. As he says in his preface to the nature of Gothic, the lesson which Ruskin here studyes us is that art is the expression of mans pleasure in labour (Morris, 2004) he went further to say changed con ditions of labour would not only produce violate art but happier individuals more capable of enjoying it.He was not opposed to machines as a matter of principle. A lot of people believe he opposes them. He supports labour saving devices where dullness was not concerned. He said that the use of machines will speed production thereby doing those hard labour and saving human extra time and strength. But he criticised the use of machine for increase of production so as to make profit for the capitalists.Morris became the treasurer of the by and large works-class National League. He formed a good relation with working people who had been em force outed by the 1832 Reform Bill the middle classes who are the driving force behind the nations wealth and power. Because of its success the franchise was extended to wider sections of working class which attracted new voters. His aim was for workers to be in charge of their own lives. Workers should organise and have care unions through which they will make their voice heard, issues like wages, temporary managers, number of hours, care and sick payment, the dismissed, and the discharged and general working conditions.After the revolution of 1848, things changed for good as a result of extension of the suffrage of 1867, increasing prosperity and liberal reforms, the rise of the trade unions all contributed to the improvement of things.Morris believed in Socialism from the Root Up (Morris, 2004) fundamental change brought about by sudden popular revolution. He worked hard and hardened his work for league as a full time job. During Morriss time the league fought for free speech campaign so as to be in possession of the right to protest and carry out public demonstrations.In this process he was arrested and fined on some occasions at the Trafalgar Square. Just as it is in the world today people are demonstrating against governments, companies, or institutions on policies that are against their democratic rights. Today in Ireland the people are demonstrating against the new water charge imposed by the governmentChange does not come by peaceful means, but through struggles. It was through this circumstance as the collectivist League drew nearer disintegration that prompted Morris to write News from Nowhere, a book that combines continuing trust in a Socialist future with a need to recharge the batteries of an imagination near exhaustion (Morris, 2004)Morris stressed not only the importance of political party but for the party to be a party of cadres, highly trained and qualified personnel of a priori understanding, capable of assuming a leading role in any revolutionary activities towards the working class. He made it clear that the Socialist League should stand for revolutionary and scientific Socialism as against Hyndmans SDF (Social Democratic Federation) for the fact that he believes Hyndman and SDF order will only achieve what he Morris called mechanical revolution, which is not real revolutio n. On the contrary Morris demanded an educated movement (Researchgate.net)Morris believes that old order mustiness not take charge put if they persist, then they must be removed by force, that is when necessary to use intelligent revolution which is for the good of the people. He wanted far above every other thing body of able high- minded working class, experienced, knowledgeable and skilled men who will teach and direct the general population during critical moments of any movement.He had a solid disapproval towards opportunism which will involve him in alliance with other parties at the long run will lead to electioneering and deprive the socialist movement some of its best leaders by sending them hifalutin parliament, where they will become useless.Morris hammered on the importance of education especially in the party system so as to have a strong party which comprises education in economics, in organisation, and also administratively. He went further to say without an organi sed political party to provide a concrete and theoretical awareness and existence of socialism, any sudden revolt would bring it to scatter in various directions.On the issue of gender, Morris was aware of the apparent reaction of the event regarding the woman question, just as he was conscious of the conservative and emotional implications of his desire to give new life to the handicraft. But he did not moderate his belief that house work was the natural realm of the woman, they do it excellently well, and that a womans natural vocation was to provide help and teething ring for her children and the head of the family. In the book there is an open rejection by Morris on movement of freedom with regards to central demand as the right to free the more intelligent part of their sex from the bearing of children. The domestic workers in the book are independent, athletic, active, and passionate, they are never worn down by their work, always lovely and extremely beautiful. Perhaps is not surprising that Morris confessed that he had fallen in love with Ellen.ConclusionWilliam Morriss News from Nowhere is an interesting book with a vision. Despite the fact it was written in 1890, its contains arguments and debate that will inspire every generations to come of all sectors both students, workers, politicians to look beyond the immediate system and virtualise future.BibliographyAgathocleous, T. (20011) Urban realism and the cosmopolitan imagination in the nineteenth centuryVisible city, Invisible city, Cambridge University PressCairns, J, Sears, A. (2012) the democratic imagination Envisioning popular power in the twenty-first century, University of Toronto PressCorporal, M., Leeuwen, E. J. V. (2010) the literary utopias of cultural communities, 1790 1910Rodopi PressGeoghegan, V. (2008) Utopianism and Marxism, Peter Lang PublishersHanson, I. (2013) William Morris and the users of violence, 1856 1890, Anthem PressHarvey, C., Press, J. (1996) Art, enterprise, and et hics The life and works of William MorrisPsychology PressLatham, D. (2007) paternity on the image Reading William Morris, University of Toronto PressLvitas, R. (2010) the concept of Utopia, Peter Lang PublishersMorris, W. (2004) news from nowhere and the other writing, Penguin PublishingPeters, M. A., Freeman-Moir, D. J. (2006) Edutopias, Sense PublishersPlotz, J. (2008) portable property Victorian tillage on the move, Preston PublishersThe ecological communitarianism of William Morris, /02c87, Researchgate.net

Teachers and modern classroom

Teachers and modern classroomThere hasten been profound changes in the education policies with the change in multiplication requiring skills from modern teachers that were not even imagined possible in an earlier era. Generally teaching in classrooms were sessions that lend oneselfd the board, lecture, and oral and written tests of the subject and direct interaction between the teacher and schoolchilds. This required skills for the teacher like a ordainingness to explain in depth, lecturing and presentation skills, motivation and in some cases the excise of endorsement and leadership. This role is slowly changing and so is the method of the deli very(prenominal) of assertion. Today information is not in the lecture or library unless on the internet and sometimes lectures atomic number 18 replaces by multimedia presentations. The teacher today is called upon to be techno smart and highly creative. This has posed problems for teachers who atomic number 18 not trained in these technologies.Tied with modern concepts like involvement, and umteen other new concepts like global learning communities the teacher is always expected to upgrade their skills, and standards not unless in the respective subjects but to a fault teaching skills and methods utilise. This causes a dual draw. As it is on that point is a lack of information in the teaching departments near performance. Secondly teachers are yet to be trained properly in the use of information for the identification of weaker students and also to understand their own deficiencies. therefrom teachers are not privy to data and where data is lendable every on the education prospects, or on the subjects or even on the students progress teachers are unable to use the information meaningfully due to lack of competency in the use of applied science or the necessary medium is not available to them perhaps even on cost considerations. Unfortunately such shifts flip ca employ teaching merely to be academic based on formulas, and painting by numbers. Technology has made the primary-school teachers into technicians. There are more and more of the administrative demands on teachers, and with a larger population of students and changes in policy that make affable practices become optional.As education set outs modernized it is pointed out that there is a need to develop the data processing methods. Instructional designs properly done entrust reduce the difficulty of understanding and the modern requirements that is necessary for task automation, time components, and engineering. There is a great care required for the educational processes from textbook selection, instruction and the often marginalized social position in womens work. Creativity has become the good example in education with the teachers required to improvise the teaching methods irrespective of the use of modern technologies. As a result modern teachers use props and craft to get the message passed on to the students ra ther than the rote and learn technology of previews years. More students are taken to field trips and teachers are called upon to show their creative skills in creating absorbing activities. These manipulations need the teacher to plan a sequence of projects where the student is made to learn by doing, something unheard of in the past.The earlier discussions revealed that for a long time the teaching community has been using props and small technology that was creative and crafted to the requirements of the class room. That was an aide and a supplement to the class teaching and did not distance the teacher from the learning stream. Their work was participatory. However with the modern gadgets the things get confusing. The teacher showing a multimedia presentation does not participate with it and there is no doing and learning. Instructions are on the screen and are impersonal. Does this flub the learning process? There is no direct seek on this though arguments have been advanced on either site. There are many types of technology that is in use today and it is argued that it can be used to teach. thusly the modern information and electronic technology can be used to convey information like a word processor. This helps those with writing problems as in dyslexia. Teachers can use such technologies to advantage.Other available tools like screen background publishing tools, music software, are all used in modern classrooms. Computer Programs like Excel that can plot graphs and pie charts can be used to save time in the teaching of data analysis. Likewise the physics class can be with practical multimedia. These facilities often handicap the teacher who is not trained to solo in the use of the media but also in the method of using them as the supplement to his or her lecture skills and direct plangency with the student. In order to prevent the teacher from becoming a switch presser who takes no active part in the session other that show slides or let the soft ware do the talking teachers have to be educated on the methods of using technology without compromising their ability to build a relationship. This calls for reorienting the teacher. Teachers have a great difficulty in the use of technology. The teacher today is faced with the changes in the classroom and technology.Novick says that students today are into the use of technology but are emotionally and physically drained. They are according to Bernard Novick the products of a new era. Therefore there is a need to train and encourage the teaching communities to be equipped themselves and handle the changes and adapt to the standard of the new student generation and their requirements. Lankshear devolve into the problems of teachers who are subject to a world that is changing not only in the area of literacy and education but also in the changing face of technology which is complicating the way education is being modernized. Thus today there is a link between literacy, technology and learning. The authors comment that there is a lot of enthusiasm and initiative with teachers and students in integrating new technologies into the activities of classroom-based literacy education.The author has researched the cyclorama o changes in technology that could do both, bridge the inabilities and cover for the shortcomings of the students and also become a possible creator of disabilities. On the other hand, Mac Arthur et al argue that the changes in the technology have changed the nature of the technology practices and also have caused impairment to cognitive facilities. Computer technologies may have a very far reaching influence on skills especially to writing skill and vocabulary. The ability of writing well phased matter with reflection is a skill that is gracious by the written language alas these skills could be jeopardized. On the other hand technology could bring in aid to the really disadvantaged by providing required support. In extreme cases this could afford a method of imparting knowledge where formerly there were none.Thus it is evident that the modern teacher cannot be away from the influence of technology and it is time that teachers are technically trained, and they are also made aware of the use of modern data processing methods which will enable them in assessing students and understanding their own potential and role. As with all industries these problems are also the foundations for unions to call in the status quo. Because the modern technologies.The unions for the teachers have unfortunately blocked their own progress. Unions though a great means of collective bargaining interfere in the progressive measures which include programs to enhance the teachers proficiency and effectiveness. Thus there is a problem of the parent collective and the teachers unions and the educational institutions. Though there is autonomy of institutions larger decisions often involve the negotiation with the unions. The recent work in Columbia to make the teaching effective with the verifier plan for example gives greater say to parents. This will ensure that the teacher is dedicated to the job. Thus the initial voucher plans for the children in the District of Columbia which were funded by the government have for example given teeth to parents in education.The unions mostly are raking up issues for political mileage and this seriously impairs the quality of not only education but also of teachers. That unions were involving teachers in their political agenda was evident when the IRS charged that the NEA is illegally making use of funds which are tax-exempt for the purpose of political bodily process. This is in the wake of the Democratic Party documents showing that NEA is a campaign which was unified by the party in the year 1996. The unionism has not affected all teachers. The NEAs agenda is making teachers turn away from it because it involves opinions on international issues not involved with teaching. The AAE and i ts coalition have 250,000 members, and are not into collective bargaining, on the other hand offer liability-insurance policies and scholarships for teachers. There is also the suggestion of a voucher system where the teacher will be assessed by the parents. This may benefit the good teachers.That these problems do not escape the notice of teachers is evident from the protests of the teachers who wish to be devoid of union compulsions. Teachers are critical of the unions. For example public-school teachers are opposing the unions that claim to represent them on issues ranging from alleged misuse of member dues for political activity to union insistence on politically correct curricula. Thus with parental rights teachers are calling for teachers right to be devoid of union harassment. Thus there is a division on the issue and while unions provide for insurance, and other group benefits, they must not enter into the very root of the education system. license of expression without com pulsions must be guaranteed to the teachers.There are lots of women teachers in all communities. In fact women tend to take to teaching as a vocation more than men. However the issues that confront male teachers in the school are also present for the female teachers in the same ratio. Thus they also have to be technically skilled, and oriented to the modern teaching methods. Earlier women were relegated to the kindergarten and the primary schools. Now they are in high positions in academic institutions including research institutions and have a role in the formulation of education policies. The distinction between the male teacher and the female teacher lies in the reach women have on the marginalized children and therefore the teaching of these groups who cannot attend school is a speciality that has to be developed in willing women teachers.Thus the technology of today enables women at home take a shot at home education to have virtual but still intimate emotional connections. Th ere is bear witness of social disintegration, with the loss of the common school and the teacher education programs and there is a move aimed at retraditionalization with individualism being more asserted. Home schooling has come to stay especially in cases where the child is disadvantaged. It is there that Michael W. Apple lays stress on the role of women educators. It is his opinion that teacher education must be available for women, not only the professional teacher at school, but also those who care for the disadvantaged and are engaged in schooling either at home or in the community. It is urged that this ought to be considered seriously.

A Comparison of Vacations :: Compare Contrast Comparing

A Comparison of VacationsSummer and vacations are synonymous, especially with my family. Does Chevy Chase and summer vacation ring a bell? With a family of six, anything is possible. There are two types of excursions that we take every year. I refer to one as my family vacation and the other as my family slipperiness. My family vacation to the beach is an annual event, but my family trip destination is always different. This past summer my family and I went to Wyoming. Both experiences were the highlights of my summer but for very different reasons. We mother packing for our beach trip shortly after my grandmother arrives from North Carolina. My dads twenty-five-year-old surfboard is securely tied on top, and we are stuffed like sardines into the car with the weeks groceries jammed in every nook and cranny. My dad always insists that we take everything with us it would be a sin to spend good beach time at the grocery store. The trip down is uneventful, and we make our t raditional one and only stop at the Subway for lunch and gas. I was taught early on that in that location are limited drinks on travel day because bathroom breaks are unheard of. After an early start we arrive to find our three-bedroom, three-bath condo nevertheless as we remember it. We especially enjoy having a VCR in each bedroom, After unpacking the car, my family and I head for the beach. The familiar smell of the salty air, the heartbeat of the ocean waves, and the gentle breeze across my face are like long-lost friends. The beach routine begins. Just as we do on the day we communicate for the beach, my family and I wake up early to prepare to leave for Wyoming. My dad says that getting my family of six ready to go is like launching the space shuttle. For this trip, luggage is limited to what we can each carry. We all convince my dad that there will be grocery stores in Wyoming. After a quick trip to the airport, we board a jet to Atlanta and take a connecting flight to Denver. The highlight of our plane trip is the long-awaited lunch, which is a real disappointment. My mom and dad nap, darn my sisters and I watch a movie.

Young Goodman Brown Essay -- essays research papers

The main theme of the Nathaniel Hawthornes, girlish Goodman Br accept, is the struggle between Goodman br takenesss faith, power to resist his own evil impulses and his own doubts within him. It is a story of Young Goodman chocolate-browns personal conflict over his inner desires and its greater meaning conflict between skilful and evil in the world. The characteristics of Young Goodman Brown are similar to the life of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Nathaniel Hawthorne had his own doubts about his own Puritan life and beliefs. There are many examples in this story whereby Hawthorne clearly demonstrates to the reader Goodman Browns personal internal conflict between good and evil. Hawthornes knowledge of the historical play down of Puritanism combined with the personal experience of his early life and the history of his own family merge into the actions that Young Goodman Brown takes. Good men in Hawthornes sidereal day were those who came from a proper family. The influence of Puritan religion, culture and education had a major role in how someone perceived themselves and their community slightly them. Goodman Brown claims that he is from a family of good men that have never been into the forest on such an errand to meet the make Hawthorne utilizes this information in order to build the reader how Goodman Browns ancestries played a vital role on how Goodman Brown thought of himself (as of good character). This view is quickly challenged by the devil himself when he states that all of his ancestors were with him as they tortured women in Salem or burned Indian villages to the ground, and afterwards the devil and his ancestors would go for a friendly walk. Goodman solvent to this allegation was We are a people of prayer, and good works to boot, and abide no such wickedness. Goodman disbelieves that his ancestors could do such wickedness. Hawthorne calls into question the chaste foundation of Young Goodman Browns heritage, as well as the societal viewpoint of w hat is respectable, simply by pointing to a few facts. Given the existence and the importance of religion in the age of the early nineteenth century, Goodman Brown may be expressing a desire to break loose from a rigid puritan life demeanor. The puritan life style required their followers to doubt themselves and their community so much that a reality in which one could achieve Grace did not exist. It taught that one could not... ...lls for his Faith, he gets no answer. Brown only sees the criticise ribbon fall, and his awareness of the conflict between good and evil is complete. He gives himself over to a new perspective. The pink button represents the pure innocents that has disappeared. This tears Goodman apart and creates so much doubt within him that it alters his perception about all the good people that are around him.We can never be sure if good or evil won the fight waged within Young Goodman Brown, but Hawthorne makes it abundantly clear that Brown was scared for his lif e due to his experience. This journey that Young Goodman Brown encounters could of been a dream or even a true event that is manifested by his own internal desires. Unable to accept that society is a mixture of both good and evil, Goodman Brown chooses his own damnation. In the forest Brown saw a mixture of religious and wicked people, and it was strange to see that the good shrank not from the wicked, nor were the sinners abashed by the saints. Brown ultimately decides to accept that everyone is evil, and he loses his chance at redemption when he makes the decision to completely isolate himself from society and even from his own wife.